Клинико-эпидемиологические особенности инфекций, передаваемых половым путем среди уязвимых групп населения

Введение. К уязвимой социальной группе в плане рисков приобретения инфекций, передаваемых половым путем (ИППП), относятся мужчины, имеющие секс с мужчинами (МСМ). Учитывая рост заболеваемости ИППП среди МСМ за последнее десятилетие во многих странах, а также недостаточную освещенность данной темы в отечественной литературе, изучение данной проблемы является актуальным для разработки профилактических мероприятий. Цель исследования – на основании данных зарубежной научной литературы выявить основные клинико-эпидемиологические особенности течения различных ИППП в группе МСМ. Материалы и методы. Проведен поиск глубиной 40 лет в библиографических базах данных PubMed и Scopus и научной электронной библиотеке Elibrary, отобрано для научного обзора 32 источника. Проанализированы нозологии: гонорея, хламидиоз, микоплазмоз, папилломавирусная инфекция, сифилис, венерическая лимфогранулема, аногенитальный герпес. Результаты и обсуждение. Отмечено наличие экстрагенитальных очагов поражения ИППП у МСМ, которые могут быть не выявлены при клиническом обследовании пациента, встречаемость микст- и коинфицирования. Следует предусмотреть разработку современных профилактических программ. Заключение. В силу ряда клинико-эпидемиологических особенностей ИППП среди МСМ, включающих формирование экстрагенитальных очагов поражения, микст- и коинфицирования, а также преимущественно бессимптомное течение заболеваний, более половины случаев остаются невыявленными. Это приводит к росту заболеваемости и представляет опасность для гетеросексуальной части населения.

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